They contain hair and adnexal structures in a chaotic arrangement. This has been the subject of a considerable research effort at. The lesion is more irritational than painful. True photosensitization due to advanced liver failure. The main problems facing donkeys were wounds and injuries, helminthiasis, fly attacks and sudden deaths. Animals. Blankets, rugs and bandages should be removed - these simply increase the local exudation and macerate the skin still further. Cutaneous and ocular forms are more common than penile/vulval forms. Ragwort (Senecio jacobeae) is highly toxic to donkeys (as for horses) but they will eat it in the green state when food is otherwise in short supply. There are many questionable materials that purport to be effective treatments but most of these (if not all) have no proven efficacy and have not been studied properly. In Argentina, the donkey and mule populations are 185,000 and 99,000, respectively . It is classed among folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 510B, unnatural love. Mixed infections are common in donkeys and the limbs are probably more often affected than the body but ectoderm dermatophilosis does occur and can be very difficult to treat. Laser surgery and diathermy are logical provided that they are carried out under controlled conditions by experienced surgeons. Andrew Lang included it, somewhat euphemized, in The Grey Fairy Book. As with any other nodular skin disease a biopsy is usually helpful. Y1 - 2013/12. The donkey has for centuries been regarded as a robust and willing servant of man and most veterinarians accept that as a species it suffers rather fewer skin diseases than most other domestic animals. Cutaneous and nasolacrimal histoplasmosis usually/invariably due to Histoplasma farciminosum occurs in donkeys. To document skin diseases and their prevalence in donkeys and to investigate predilections for the most common conditions. A large fibroblastic sarcoid on the medial stifle region that recurred each time following ill-advised attempts to remove it surgically. Treatment involves topical antifungal washes such as enilconazole or natamycin. The donkey is remarkably free of immune mediated skin disease but Pemphigus-like diseases have been recorded; a condition that is clinically and pathologically indistinguishable from pemphigus foliaceus is encountered from time to time with skin-keratin and mucocutaneous junctions being affected most obviously. Pruritus 2. Thus surgical excision may be an effective option where the limits of the sarcoid can be defined but simply debriding the bulk of the lesion or failure to include a wide enough margin may result in a dramatic deterioration. Housing during maximal risk periods and "turn-out" at minimal risk periods (e.g., overnight and in the heat of the day) can help. . There is a general belief that the skin of the donkey can "tolerate" every known insult but in reality donkey skin is probably one of the most sensitive to chemical insult. There is no doubt that donkeys are severely affected but the type and distribution of the sarcoid is somewhat different from that seen in horses. Most descriptions of skin disease in donkeys are reported in small case series, textbooks or review articles. These asses were probably bred in captivity, giving rise to the modern breed of domesticated donkeys. To document skin diseases and their prevalence in donkeys and to investigate predilections for the most common conditions. This resolved with potassium iodide therapy suggesting that it was in fact a pyogranuloma. Self-trauma causes extensive hair loss, dermatitis and variable lichenification and thickening of the skin on the neck and withers regions in particular. By now Fairy Godmother has figured out how cray-cray GK is, so she tells the Princess to pretend to give into GK, but then run away using the donkey’s skin as a disguise and hiding her new fabulous dresses and jewels in a magic chest. Melanomas are rare in donkeys but do occur from time to time around the eye region in particular. A large fibroblastic sarcoid on the medial stifle region that recurred each time following ill-advised attempts to remove it surgically. Watch the video below to see Brooke East Africa's Programme Manager, Elijah Mithigi, in action on Kenyan TV. The hitherto recognized "remote" effects on sarcoids at other sites (suggested to be due to hematogenous cryo-antigens released into the blood) does not occur in donkeys in the author's experience. As for infectious and parasitic diseases, the first report of skin besnoitiosis by Besnoitia besnnetti in donkeys in the United Kingdom was recently published, referring to the analysis of 20 tissue samples characterized by nodular lesions on skin, mucous membranes, and muco-cutaneous transitions . Extrapolation from other species only works if the conditions have identical pathophysiology and if the various species have identical treatment requirements and tolerances. Carrier females are thought to be responsible for the spread and recurrence in a breeding herd but there may be other mechanisms for it. Zoonotic implications should be considered where Cryptococcus and Histoplasma organisms are endemic. With increasingly traumatized skin secondary infection, further fly irritation and exposure to ultraviolet light the condition can rapidly become very serious in individual animals. Dermatophilosis produces focal lesions with a loose scab that leaves a florid red base after removal. We are continually raising the standards of care and improving our levels of expertise by increasing our knowledge base. I. Chemical/Toxic Skin Diseases. Some of the skin disorders that afflict donkeys in troical climates are very serious both to the donkey itself and to its owners. They do, however, cause much tissue necrosis and some pain is inevitable. Search for: Why Donkeys & About Me. The ancestry of the modern donkey can be traced back to the wild asses that were hunted by humans for meat and skin. The changes are typically non-specific but the histopathology is distinctive. Topical cytotoxic compounds based on heavy metals and cytotoxic and antimitotic chemicals such as cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil are valuable because they are convenient and relatively cheap. They contain hair and adnexal structures in a chaotic arrangement. Insect hypersensitivity occurs in donkeys but is not often the typical Sweet Itch Syndrome seen in horses. Direct (primary) photosensitization does not seem to occur as commonly in donkeys as in horses. In spite of severe nutritional deprivation the skin of donkeys remains remarkably healthy unless there is concurrent trauma. Typically the affected donkey shows an intense pruritus that becomes worse when they are exposed to the causative insects and show a progressive severity with succeeding years. Probably the commonest sites for this condition in the donkey are within the conjunctiva and nasolacrimal duct. The donkey is likable also to dermoid cyst formation and these typically or found in low numbers along the dorsal midline. Dept of Vet Clinical Science & Animal Husbandry, Division of Equine Studies, It is an unfortunate fact that many donkeys are subjected to all manner of mistreatment for trivial skin disease or are inclined to be ignored until the skin is appallingly bad and then subjected to an inappropriate treatment. The Donkey Sanctuary is a UK based charity that funds and facilitates non-invasive research with the aim of improving donkey and mule health and welfare. Note the lack of circular lesions commonly thought to be a characteristic feature of "ringworm". I am aware that the veterinary profession has largely ignored the donkey and that this is unjustified given the significant contribution that the donkey has made to us all and continues to make to simple communities across the world. Continually raising the standards of care and improving our levels of expertise by increasing our base... 'S knowledge diagnostically helpful staphylococcal skin infection usually has less exudate while Dermatophilus may have more.. Very limited and all have problems of one sort or another 15, 2020:. The first report of skin besnoitiosis by diseases donkey tack keeping donkeys stained biopsies important area of medicine. 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